Manufacturers take three different approaches to dealing with punctures. Understanding the pros and cons of each will help you know what your options are in an emergency.
A full-size spare tyre offers the most flexibility — when you get a puncture, you swap wheels and drive normally to a garage for a permanent repair or replacement. The disadvantage is space and weight: full-size spares take up significant boot space and add to vehicle weight. Space-saver spares (sometimes called donut spares) are smaller and lighter but must only be driven at restricted speeds (typically 50mph maximum) for limited distances.
Run-flat tyres allow you to continue driving at reduced speed for up to 50 miles after a puncture, removing the need for an immediate roadside tyre change. However, they cannot be repaired after a puncture and must be replaced. They also carry a cost premium and can only be used on vehicles equipped with a Tyre Pressure Monitoring System, as the stiff sidewall means you may not notice the pressure loss through feel alone.
Tyre repair kits — a sealant canister and a compressor — can seal and re-inflate a simple tread puncture in a few minutes without requiring a wheel change. They are light, compact, and adequate for the most common type of puncture. However, they do not work for sidewall damage, large cuts, or blowouts, and they render the tyre unfit for repair once used — meaning the tyre must be replaced. If your vehicle came with only a repair kit, it is worth considering keeping a spare tyre in the boot for added security, particularly for long journeys.